The Anantacaturdasi-vrata (Bhadrapada sukla caturdasi), also called 'Anantapadmanabha-vrata' is the day Lord Visnu is believed to have appeared as Padmanabha lying on the couch of Ananta (the thousand-hooded serpent).
Here is what Srila Prabhupada says:
Then next important... [break] The next important date is 14th September, which is known as Ananta Caturdaçé, and the disappearance day of Çréla Haridäsa Öhäkura, and appearance day of... (pause) Thirteenth September is the appearance day of Bhaktivinoda Öhäkura, and 14th Septmeber is Ananta Caturdaçé and disappearance day of Haridäsa Öhäkura.
Devotee: On the calendar here it has 14th of September Advent of Çréla Bhaktivinoda Öhäkura, the 13th September, worship of Çré Vämanadeva. Fifteenth of September Viçvarüpa festival.
Prabhupäda: Yes, 15th September, Viçvarüpa.
Devotee: Fourteenth of September,
Prabhupäda: No, 15th September.
Devotee:Yeah, Visvarupa, but 14th of September advent of Çréla Bhaktivinoda.
Prabhupäda: No, that should be 13th.
Devotee: Thirteenth.
Prabhupäda: Yes. Bhaktivinoda Öhäkura 13th, and 14th Ananta Caturdasi and Haridäsa Öhäkura. So, this 14th September should be observed fasting, whole day.
Devotee: Fourteenth is the advent of or the demise of Haridäsa Öhäkura?
Prabhupäda: Yes
Devotee: The death, I mean the disappearance
Prabhupäda: Yes, but not for demise of Haridäsa Öhäkura, but because that is Ananta Caturdaçé Vrata, generally the fasting is observed till evening, up to 5 o'clock. The next day, Viçvarüpa Mahotsava, feasting.
(11th March 1972 Vrindavana Room Conversation)
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