Pradyumna: (leads chanting) Translation: "The Blessed Lord said, I instructed this imperishable science of yoga to the sun-god, Vivasvan, and Vivasvan instructed it to Manu, the father of mankind, and Manu in turn instructed it to Iksvaku."Prabhupada:imam vivasvate yogamproktavan aham avyayamvivasvan manave prahamanur iksvakave 'bravit[Bg. 4.1]So we are beginning today speaking on Bhagavad-gita, the preliminary scientific study of this science of Godhead. Bhagavad-gita means Bhagavan, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Bhagavan means the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Bhaga, we generally know, bhagya, opulence, fortune, a man is called bhagyavan. This bhagyavan word comes from the word bhaga, Bhagavan. Bhaga means opulence, six kinds of opulences: wealth, strength, influence, education, wisdom, beauty, and renunciation. These are opulences. If a man is wealthy, he's attractive. He attracts. Any man, very wealthy, he attracts. Similarly, if he's very strong, if he's very influential, if he's very learned, wise, if he's very beautiful... He or she, it doesn't matter. Or if he's a great renouncer, one who has renounced everything for public benefit, naturally we have got attraction. So in this material world we find some wealthy man, some rich man, some strong man, some beautiful man, some wise man, one renounced man, but they are only fragmental. Fragmental, very small quantity. Any man... You can take a rich man. He may be very rich man, but, in comparison to the other persons in the material world, but nobody can claim that "I am the richest man." No. That is not possible. Nobody can claim. "I am the wisest man," nobody can claim. "I am the strongest man," that is also, nobody can claim. However one strong may be, he is under the rules and regulation and material nature. He cannot go beyond that. Therefore you cannot find Bhagavan, or the Supreme Person, possessing all these opulences. That is not possible.But here it is said, bhagavan uvaca. That means He's the richest, He's the strongest, He's the most beautiful, the wisest, and the most renounced order of life. Krsna. When He was present in this material world, on this globe, He proved by His actions. So far His richness is concerned,... At this age, in this age, at the present moment, if a person can provide his family nicely, nice apartment or nice house, good dress, good food, he's considered to be very successful man. Because in this age... It is said in the sastra, daksyam kutumba-bharanam. Kutumba. Kutumba means family. If one can provide his family very comfortably, he is considered as very expert. But the family maintenance is done by the cats and dogs also. They also maintain their family, their wife, children, very nicely, according to their standard. But this age is so fallen that if one, even one is not married, the preliminary necessities of life, eating, sleeping, sex life and protection from fear... These are the preliminary necessities. So the age is so fallen that people have no eating substance even. We know, everyone, how things are going on. People are hungry, no eating substance. And what to say of sleeping? Or what to speak of...? Nobody's married timely, either boys or girls. And nobody's secure. Nobody knows what will happen next moment. This is called Kali-yuga.Kali-yuga means mandah sumanda-matayo manda-bhagya hy upadrutah [SB 1.1.10]. Prayenalpayusah kalav asmin yuge janah. Asmin yuge, kali-yuge, alpa ayusah, they are living very short time. The duration of life (is) reducing. Anyone can know. His forefather, his grandfather, lived for, say, hundred years. His father lived for eighty years. And he's going to live for sixty years. In this way, the duration of life will be reduced up to twenty years. That is already foretold. If a man lives for twenty to thirty years, he will be considered very old man. That day is coming. Because how they will live? There is no eating, there is no sleeping. There is no fixture of this program. These are required. Annad bhavanti bhutani [Bg. 3.14]. Simply by dry lecture, how they will feel happy? There must be sufficient food grains so that people may live happily, the animal may live happily. Especially in India you will see. No animal is fatty, either cat, dog or cow. They have no eating. So annad bhavanti bhutani. They must be given sufficient food, annad. Krsna does not say that "You fast and chant Hare Krsna." He does not say. Krsna is not so impractical. He says, "Eat very nicely, keep very nicely, and chant Hare Krsna. Make your life successful." That is Hare Krsna consciousness movement. Krsna consciousness movement is not one-sided. It is all-embracing. Sarve sukhino bhavantu. Krsna consciousness movement wants to see everyone happy. Without being happy, how you can remain peaceful? That is not possible.Therefore bhagavan uvaca. You take lessons from Bhagavan, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, perfect, all-perfect. What he will do by hearing this rascal or that rascal? Try to hear from the Supreme Personality without any fault, without any deviation. There are four kinds of defects in conditional life: to commit mistake, to be illusioned... Bhrama, pramada, vipra-lipsa. To cheat, propensity for cheating. And imperfection of senses. So we are all infected with these four deficiencies of life, material condition of life. Therefore mukta means one who is liberated from these defects. Those who are infected with these defects, they cannot give you perfect knowledge. That is not possible. Imperfectness of senses -- how he can gather perfect knowledge? They can simply say, "Perhaps," "It may be," "Most probably." That's all. Theories. Nobody can say, "It is like this." Just like in the Vedas it is said how many different varieties of lives are there. Jalaja nava-laksani sthavara laksa-vimsati, krmayo rudra-sankhyakah. Exact number, that so many varieties of lives are there. Nine hundred thousand species life in the water. Jalaja nava-laksani sthavara laksa-vimsati. Two million varieties of trees, plants, like that. Krmayo rudra-sankhyakah. Eleven lakhs varieties of insects. Paksinam dasa-laksanam. There are ten, one million types of birds. Similarly, three million types of animals, and four hundred thousand different types of humankind. Everything is exactly calculated. That is called Vedic knowledge. Because it is... How the perfection of knowledge comes? Here it is said, imam vivasvate yogam proktavan aham [Bg. 4.1]. Krsna says. Aham avyayam. The knowledge is perfect. Avyayam. Avyayam means "that cannot be diverse or deviated." Perfect. Avyayam. Without any deviation. Therefore if you want to know perfect knowledge, then you have to hear from Krsna.Therefore bhagavan uvaca. Bhagavan means the most powerful, most influential, the supreme wise, most beautiful, most learned, most renouncer. Just see Bhagavan's renouncement. If we construct a building, how much attached we become to that building. But Krsna has constructed this whole universe. Whole universe means... We have no idea what is the universe. We have no idea what is this planet. We are trying to go to the moon planet. We have no exact idea even of the moon planet. And there are innumerable planets. Vasudha. Yasya prabha prabhavato jagad-anda-koti-kotisu vasudhadi-vibhuti-bhinnam [Bs. 5.40]. Each planet is of different type, different climate, different facilities, different standard of life. And there are ananta, innumerable planets. You cannot count even. So this is only one universe, and there are millions of universes. Yasya prabha prabhavato jagad-anda-koti [Bs. 5.40]. So Krsna, or the Supreme Lord, is creator of these all universes. Still, He does not come here. He comes occasionally. But He does not claim. You utilize. He has given to you. "You living entities, you wanted to enjoy this material world. All right, I give you. Enjoy." Beginning from Brahma, down to the ant, they're enjoying, and they're creating their own karma-phala. Karmana daiva-netrena [SB 3.31.1]. And because he's creating his karma-phala, he's getting another body. Sometimes the ant's body, sometimes Brahma's body, sometimes cat's body, sometimes American body, sometimes Indian body, sometimes monkey's body. In this way, we are wandering all over the universes. This is called disease, material disease. Bhutva bhutva praliyate [Bg. 8.19]. Janma-mrtyu-jara-vyadhi-duhkha-dosanudarsanam [Bg. 13.9].So one who is wise, one who is learned, he should try to understand how to get out of this cycle of birth and death, repetition of birth and death. Now you have got this American body, very nice -- rich nation's body. And we have got Indian body. That's all right. But what is the next life? That the people do not know. Just like you prepare by education for the future life. What you are preparing for the next life? They do not know, there is no..., whether there is life or not. Such a fool we are that we do not know. Therefore we have to hear from the perfect person, Krsna. Krsna says, dehino 'smin yatha dehe [Bg. 2.13]. That is the first instruction. Dehino 'smin yatha dehe kaumaram yauvanam jara, tatha dehantara-praptih.So this is the beginning of spiritual education. Dehantara-praptih. We have to change this body, transmigrate from this body to another body. That's a subtle way, but no university teaches how the soul is transferred from one body to another, what kind of body you are going to get next. There is no such science. But that is the real problem. Therefore we have to hear from Krsna, Bhagavan, the Supreme, the person who can give you perfect knowledge. That is the process. If you really want knowledge, you have to hear from Krsna. And Krsna is so kind, He came personally.yada yada hi dharmasyaglanir bhavati bharataabhyutthanam adharmasyatadatmanam srjamy aham[Bg. 4.7]He comes. He's so kind. He comes, He gives personally instruction, and He leaves the instruction recorded. Just like Bhagavad-gita. This Bhagavad-gita was spoken by Krsna to Arjuna, and it was recorded by Sanjaya, by the grace of Vyasadeva. And then Vyasadeva put the conversation in the Mahabharata. Mahabharata means "The History of Greater India." That is Mahabharata. The whole planet is called Bharata, Bharatavarsa. And the history of the whole planet is called Mahabharata. In this Mahabharata, this Bhagavad-gita is set in for the knowledge of the all human being. It is not meant for the Hindus, for the Indians, for the brahmanas, for the... No. It is meant for everyone to take perfect knowledge from Krsna and be happy. If you want to become happy actually, then Krsna's instruction you accept. We are already fallen. Now if we want to save ourselves from this fallen condition, take instruction from Krsna and do not try to deviate, do not try to interpret in your own whimsical way, in a rascal way. Simply try to understand what Krsna says. That's all. Then your life will be perfect.Therefore Krsna says, "Try to understand this Bhagavad-gita in this process." What is that? Imam vivasvate yogam proktavan aham avyayam [Bg. 4.1]. "I first of all spoke to the sun-god, Vivasvan." Vivasvan. The sun is there. Nobody knows what is there in the sun. The so-called scientists, philosophers... But there is possibility to talk with the sun-god personally. That is possible. You can also go. You can also talk, provided you become qualified by Krsna's grace. Krsna is the Supreme Personality of Godhead. He can go anywhere. It is not that because the fiery planet... Sun planet is fiery planet. The body there, the body is made of fire there. Just like here the body's made of earth. Similarly, there are planets where the body's made of water, the body's made of fire, because these are the material elements. Bhumir apo 'nalo vayuh [Bg. 7.4]. Either earth, water, fire, air... They are all material things. So I may have got a suitable body to live in this material, or this earthly planet. The fish has got a certain body to live in the water. You cannot live in the water. The fish cannot live on the land. That does not mean that it is impossible to live in the water. Similarly, because you cannot live in the fire, that does not mean for others it is impossible. This is foolishness. This is foolishness. The sun planet is there. It is made of fire. The bodies are so suitably made that those who have got this body, they can live there. Yasya prabha prabhavato jagad-anda-koti-kotisu vasudhadi-vibhuti-bhinnam [Bs. 5.40]. Vibhuti. The atmosphere is different in every planet. Just like the atmosphere in the water is different from the land, but we know there are living entities within the water, on the land, on the air, within the earth, within the ether. Everywhere there is. Sarva-ga. Therefore living entity is called sarva-ga. The body is differently made. The spirit soul is the same. Your spirit soul, my spirit soul, is the same. But your body is called American body, my body is called Indian body. That is the difference. Just like you have got a different dress. I have got a different dress. Vasamsi jirnani yatha vi... The body is just like dress.So first spiritual knowledge is this, that "I am not this body." Then the spiritual knowledge begins. Otherwise there is no possibility of spiritual knowledge. Yasyatma-buddhih kunape tri-dhatuke sva-dhih kalatradisu bhauma ijya-dhih [SB 10.84.13]. One who is thinking, "This body I am. This, I am, myself," he's a rascal, animal. That's all. This rascal animalism (is) going on all over the world. "I am American," "I am Indian," "I am brahmana," "I am ksatriya." This is rascaldom. You have to go above this. Then there is spiritual knowledge. That is bhakti-yoga.mam ca yo 'vyabhicarenabhakti-yogena sevatesa gunan samatityaitanbrahma-bhuyaya kalpate[Bg. 14.26]Aham brahmasmi. This is required. So in order to understand this yoga system, bhakti-yoga... Because only by bhakti-yoga you can come to the spiritual platform. Aham brahmasmi. Naham vipro... Just Caitanya Mahaprabhu said, naham vipro na ksatriya... What is that sloka?Devotee: Kiba vipra kiba nyasi...Prabhupada: "I am not a brahmana, I am not a ksatriya, I am not a ksatriya, I am not a sudra. I am not a brahmacari, I am not a grhastha, I am not a vanaprastha..." Because our Vedic civilization is based on varna and asrama. So Caitanya Mahaprabhu denied all these things: "I do not belong to any one of these." Then what is Your position? Gopi-bhartuh pada-kamalayor dasa-dasanudasah: [Cc. Madhya 13.80] "I am eternally servant of the maintainer of the gopis." That means Krsna. And He preached: jivera svarupa haya nitya-krsna-dasa [Cc. Madhya 20.108-109]. That is our identification. We are eternal servant of Krsna. Therefore the servants who have rebelled against Krsna, they have come to this material world. Therefore, to reclaim these servants, Krsna comes. And Krsna says,paritranaya sadhunamvinasaya ca duskrtamdharma-samsthapanarthayasambhavami yuge yuge[Bg. 4.8]Krsna comes. He's so kind.So let us take advantage of Krsna's coming here, leaving behind Him this Bhagavad-gita, and read it perfectly, and make your life perfect. That is Krsna consciousness movement. It is not a bogus movement. It is a most scientific movement. So outside India, these European, Americans, they are taking advantage of it. Why not these Indian youths? What is the wrong there? This is not good. Let us join together, start this Krsna consciousness movement very seriously, and deliver this suffering humanity. That is our purpose. They are suffering for want of knowledge. Everything is there, complete. Simply by mismanagement... Simply by the... It is being managed by the rogues and thieves. Take. You become perfect in Krsna consciousness and take the management and make your life successful.Thank you very much. Hare Krsna. (pause) So you can announce that I shall speak here every... (end)Bhagavad-gita 4.1 -- Bombay, March 21, 1974
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